Why do we need a county surveyor?

 

The purpose of the public land survey system is “stability of boundaries”. Corollary to that statement of purpose is that the value of property depends largely on the ability for owners to definitively locate the extents of their ownership.

 

The county surveyor is a player in the process of maintaining order and stability of property boundaries. Surveying is much more than the science of making precise measurements, it is perpetuating a system of corners, lines and monuments as they were originally established. “Nothing is better understood than that few of our early plats will stand the test of a careful and accurate survey without disclosing errors. This is as true of the government surveys as of any others, and if all the lines were now subject to correction on new surveys, the confusion of lines and titles that would follow would cause consternation in many communities. Indeed the mischiefs that must follow would be simply incalculable, and the visitation of the surveyor might well be set down as a great public calamity.” Michigan Chief Justice Thomas Cooley in Diehl v. Zanger 39 Mich 601 (1878).

 

To carry out the purpose of the stability of boundaries and harmony of neighboring property owners, Utah State Code identifies some specific duties of a county surveyor. From Utah Code Title 17 Chapter 23:

 

Section 7: conduct court ordered surveys of property

Section 12: may take oaths, gather evidence and establish procedures for electronic submission of maps and plats

Section 13: perpetuate monuments and accessories

Section 16: conduct surveys in accordance with the United States Manual of Survey instructions for lost or obliterated corners.

Section 17: file and index map of surveys presented

Section 17.5: make a record of spatial vectors between public land or government corners and make the same available to the public

Section 18: certify the applicability and validity of affidavits made to clarify surveys or plats. If the surveyor who prepared the map or plat is unavailable to make an affidavit due to death, disability or retirement from active practice, the county surveyor may make an affidavit of correction.

Section 19: establish and maintain a public corner preservation fund

Section 20: review and approve compliant annexation and disconnection plats (incorporation into or removal of a property from a town or city)